ABSTRACT
Legumes are beneficial in crop rotation under organic farming systems. Since the beginning of agriculture, legume crops have been irreplaceable crops for their natural nitrogen fixation abilities. Legumes are frequently used as organic manure, due to their positive effects on soil structure and nutrient availability. Legumes may be also mixed or intercropped by other crops. Chickpea is an annual crop, with tuff and roots that extend approximately 1 mm deep. The roots, which form numerous nodules, can be affected by nitrogen-symbiotic bacteria from the genus Rhizobium. Chickpea is the crop of calcareous and marly soils, grows well in sandy soils, and tolerates salt soils better than most other crops. Acid and heavy soils, conversely, are not suitable for chickpea production. Bacterial inoculation of seed is done with special preparations of the chosen soy-symbiotic bacteria. Seed is inoculated by mixing it with pulpy preparation directly before sowing. Infected moist seeds are protected from direct sun heat at sowing.
