ABSTRACT
This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the key concepts discussed in the preceding chapters of this book. The book shows that most of the different stressors exert not only special effects but also important side effects causing various types of stress. It discusses examples of both inducible and inheritable tolerance to organophosphorous and pyrethroid insecticides. The book demonstrates how an intricate network of cellular stress-defense systems contributes to diminishing the effects of environmental stress, not only at the cellular level but also at the level of the whole organism. Animals may be subjected to environmental stress caused by physical stressors, such as heat, or chemical substances in the environment. Proteotoxic stress, for example, caused by heat, leads to denaturation of proteins resulting in damage of cellular structures, varying from effects on membrane permeability to a collapse of filament structures.
