Fundamentals of pharmacodynamics and toxicodynamics

Part 1 began by stating that the science of pharmacology involves the measurement of drug effects (i.e., pharmacodynamics). The beginning of pharmacodynamics as a component of pharmacology is attributed to the efforts of Rudolf Buchheim (18201879). Buchheim is believed to have established the world’s first pharmacological laboratory at the University of Dorpat in Hungary during the mid-nineteenth century.