ABSTRACT
I. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 531
II. Stem Cells ...................................................................................................................... 531
III. Gene Therapy ................................................................................................................. 533
IV. Stem Cell Based Therapy .............................................................................................. 534
V. Musculoskeletal System ................................................................................................. 535
A. Bone Healing .......................................................................................................... 535
B. Intraarticular Disorders .......................................................................................... 536
C. Skeletal Muscle ...................................................................................................... 537
VI. Cardiovascular System ................................................................................................... 538
VII. Urogenital System .......................................................................................................... 538
VIII. Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 539
References ................................................................................................................................... 539
Tissue engineering is a rapidly evolving field involved in creating living tissue to repair, replace, or
augment diseased tissue. The main goal of tissue engineering is to construct biomaterials that are
capable of integrating bioactive molecules (e.g., growth factors) or cells.
