ABSTRACT
Separation Performance .......................................................... 175 6.2.4 Mass Loadability and Detection Issues:
Packed vs. Open-Tubular Channels ....................................... 178 6.2.5 Additional Peak Broadening Sources
in Pressure-Driven Flows through Flat-Rectangular Channels...................................................... 179
6.2.6 Alternatives to PD Flows........................................................ 184 6.3 Practical Aspects................................................................................. 186
6.3.1 Pumps and Valves................................................................... 186 6.3.2 Packing Methods, Monolithic Packings,
and Micromachined Packings................................................. 187 6.3.3 Injection and Detection Issues................................................ 189
6.4 Overview of Applications .................................................................. 193 6.4.1 HDC and FFF on a Chip ........................................................ 193 6.4.2 HPLC on a Chip ..................................................................... 199 6.4.3 Low-Pressure Immunoassays and Enzymatic
Assaysþ Flow-Through Biosensors ....................................... 203 6.5 Conclusions and Outlook ................................................................... 204 References.................................................................................................... 205
Compared to the large number of electrically driven (ED) applications,
the number of pressure-driven (PD) on-chip separation systems is very small.
For newcomers in the field, this might come as a surprise, because in
the macroscopic world, the application of a pressure gradient (mostly by
