ABSTRACT
In this chapter we describe some methods and procedures for analyzing asym-
metric relationships regarding networks. Network analysis is not only con-
cerned with social phenomena but also with psychological phenomena. In
psychological studies, network theories have been used in a variety of ways,
such as neural nets, associative networks, and semantic networks among
others (Hutchinson, 1989). In most cases the concept of a network served as
the model or the frame of reference to account for the phenomena and the net-
work itself was not observed directly in experiments. Turning to social net-
work studies, in contrast, the network data are collected directly through
observation, interview, questionnaire, or archival records in most cases
(except for cases such as non-network relational data). From this point of
view, it seems natural that network analysis has developed in social studies
more than in psychological studies. Asymmetry is observed in social network
data more prominently than in psychological data for network analysis.
Hence, analysis of social networks is of principal concern. For a moment,
let us review several terms of social networks and graph theories.
