ABSTRACT
T URNING "sludge" to "biosolids" is the goal of biosolids treatment before biosolids disposal. Alternative treatment methods and end uses are possible, and process selection depends on several factors, including the nature of the sludge to be treated, the possible end uses, and, of course, economic concerns. In ideal situations, biosolids management and disposal can have a positive effect on the municipality bottom line; in less than ideal circumstances, careful management and planning can keep costs down and provide environmentally sound alternatives to buying landfill space (for some of the alternatives available at different stages of treatment, see Table 24.1).
