ABSTRACT
Highway development enhances mobility and is critical to the economic growth of a community and a
country as a whole. Unfortunately, inappropriately planned, designed, and constructed highways can
aggravate the conditions of the poor, and harm the natural and socio-economic environment. The
common adverse impacts of highway development include damage of natural landscape, habitat and
bio-diversity, destruction of cultural and social structure of affected communities, creation of air and
water pollution, and generation of noise and vibration.
