ABSTRACT

Agroecosystems are “human-managed” agricultural environments. In cutting forests, cultivating land, and growing crops, humans have immensely altered natural environments. Available resources in early settlements were intuitively utilized to secure food production. Climatic features, soil properties, and living organisms set the limits and restricted the range of human intervention. The innate regulation potential of agroecosystems remained a benchmark of farming skills in the long history of

agricultural evolution.