ABSTRACT

Reactive oxygen species play important roles in the defense mechanism against infection and in the pathogenesis of various diseases. As shown in Figure 20.1, reactive oxygen species are produced by various biological systems, such as NADH dehydrogenase and succinate-cytochrome

c

reductase in mitochondria,

NADPH oxidase in neutrophils,

and xanthine oxidase in vascular endothelial cells.