ABSTRACT
Exposure and Pregnancy Outcome ............................................... 321 18.4
In Utero
Exposure and Health Consequences in Childhood....................... 322 18.4.1 Childhood Cancer ............................................................................. 322 18.4.2 Neurobehavioral Development ......................................................... 323 18.4.3 Respiratory Illness and Lung Function............................................ 323
18.5 Postnatal Exposure and Respiratory Health in Childhood .......................... 324 18.6 Objective Assessment of ETS Exposure...................................................... 324 18.7 Hair Analysis in the Assessment of ETS Exposure..................................... 325
18.7.1 Procedure of Hair and Urine Analysis............................................. 326 18.7.2 The Toronto Study............................................................................ 326 18.7.3 Racial Differences in Systemic Exposure to ETS ........................... 327 18.7.4 Findings in Children with Respiratory Diseases ............................. 328
18.7.4.1 Asthma............................................................................... 328 18.7.4.2 Cystic Fibrosis ................................................................... 329
18.8 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 330 Acknowledgment ................................................................................................... 330 References.............................................................................................................. 330
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is one of the most significant indoor air pollutants that people are commonly exposed to. Its potential adverse effects on health have received much attention in the past few decades. Tobacco smoke contains more than 4500 compounds, many of which are known human carcinogens. ETS is a mixture of sidestream and mainstream smoke inhaled by the passive smoker that
differs in the concentration of constituents as a result of differences in combustion kinetics.
