Cell Response to Nanoscale Features and Its Implications in Tissue Regeneration: An Orthopedic Perspective

Bone is a living and growing tissue that forms the endoskeleton of vertebrates. The main functions of bone are protection of internal organs, support of physiological stresses and strains, storage of

calcium and phosphorus, hematopoiesis (or production of blood cells in the bone marrow), acidbase balance by absorbing or releasing alkaline salts to buffer the blood for excessive pH changes, and detoxification of the body by the removal of heavy metals from the blood [1].