ABSTRACT
The different types of dynamic loading considered in this chapter include: earthquakes, wind, floor
vibrations, blast effects, and impact-and wave-induced vibration. The effects of these loadings on
different engineering structures are also discussed. It is standard practice to use equivalent static
horizontal forces when designing buildings for earthquake and wind resistance. This is the simplest way
of obtaining the dimensions of structural members. Dynamic calculations may follow to check, and
perhaps modify, the design. However, vibrations caused by extreme loads such as blast and impact must
be assessed by methods of dynamical analysis or by experiment.
