ABSTRACT
There are two vital factors to consider regarding the formation of structure and the quality of any casting-cooling rate and melt temperature. The cooling rate refl ects the heat extraction rate and is measured in K/s. Cooling rate is closely connected to the solidifi cation rate, which can be defi ned either as the velocity of the solidifi cation front or as the liquid-solid phase transformation rate, measured in units of m/s or s−1, respectively.
