ABSTRACT

Hands have an impressive ability to perform diff erent kinds of manipulation tasks, from working with miniature details to li ing heavy objects. e excellent performance of the hand in natural contexts is based on the effi ciency of the interaction between sensors and muscles in the hand and the environment, based on the biological development of humans over time. is is a fact robot developers have had to be quite aware of. Even if vision is important for information about manual activities, the most important information is obtained from the hand itself as a highly competent sense organ.