ABSTRACT
Biochips are micro-fabricated platforms that use either biological elements for detection, sensing, and monitoring, or use components interacting with biological material, for example, DNA or protein biochips that use biochemical components as part of the detection mechanism along with the support of electronics and electro-optical systems. Such chips may include also other micro-system technologies such as micro- uidics or microelectro-mechanical-actuators. Another example is a biochip that detects biological components, such as glucose or urea, using physical, electrical, or chemical e ects.
