ABSTRACT
Introduction ............................................................................................................ 100 XML Technologies ................................................................................................ 100 XML Syntax ........................................................................................................... 101 XML Namespaces .................................................................................................. 103 Validation of XML Documents .............................................................................. 104
Document Type Defi nition (DTD) .................................................................... 105 W3C XML Schema ........................................................................................... 105 RelaxNG ............................................................................................................ 106 Schematron ........................................................................................................ 106
Processing of XML Documents ............................................................................. 106 SAX Processing ................................................................................................ 107 DOM (Document Object Model) ...................................................................... 107 XSLT Transformations ...................................................................................... 108
XML Databases ..................................................................................................... 108 XML Markup Languages ....................................................................................... 109
Versioning ......................................................................................................... 110 Flexibility .......................................................................................................... 110
Standards ................................................................................................................ 111 World Wide Web Consortium ........................................................................... 111 Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) ........................................................................................ 111
XML and Chemical Data Mining .......................................................................... 112 Chemical Structures and Reactions ................................................................... 112 Chemical Markup Language (CML) ................................................................. 113 Physical Measurements ..................................................................................... 114
ThermoML ................................................................................................... 114 AnIML (Analytical Information Markup Language) ................................... 115 UnitsML (Units Markup Language)............................................................. 115
Mathematical Expressions ................................................................................ 115 SBML (Systems Biology Markup Language)................................................... 116 Resource Description Framework (RDF) ......................................................... 116
Conclusions and Perspectives ................................................................................ 117 References .............................................................................................................. 118
Data mining applications aim at the automatic discovery of new information in available data. Because extraction of data from unstructured text is very diffi cult, current applications usually work with data that is in some way structured.
