ABSTRACT
Phospholipids (PLs) are attractive molecules because they contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic residues in their molecular structure. This unique structure gives amphiphilic properties that play an important role in biomembrane organization and
23.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 317 23.2 Phospholipase A2 (sn-2 Position-Specic Reaction) ..................................... 319
23.2.1 Esterication ..................................................................................... 319 23.2.2 Transesterication (Acidolysis)......................................................... 323
23.3 Phospholipase D (Modication of Polar Head Groups) ............................... 325 23.3.1 Synthesis of Natural PLs .................................................................. 325 23.3.2 Synthesis of Novel PLs ..................................................................... 326
23.3.2.1 Priority of Hydroxyl Group ................................................ 326 23.3.2.2 Stereoisomeric Recognition of PLD from
Streptomyces sp. ................................................................. 326 23.3.2.3 PLD Source ........................................................................ 329 23.3.2.4 Substituent Effects ............................................................. 329
23.4 Functions of Novel Phospholipids ................................................................ 330 23.4.1 Phosphatidyl-Nucleosides ................................................................. 330 23.4.2 Phosphatidyl-l-Ascorbic Acid .......................................................... 331 23.4.3 Phosphatidyl-Kojic Acid and -Arbutin ............................................. 332 23.4.4 Phosphatidyl-Genipin ....................................................................... 332 23.4.5 Phosphatidyl-Vitamin E Derivative .................................................. 332 23.4.6 Phosphatidyl-Terpene Alcohol .......................................................... 332
23.5 Conclusion and Other Remarks .................................................................... 333 References .............................................................................................................. 334
lipoprotein formation. For this reason, PLs are ubiquitous and essential molecules in all organisms and are also precursors of several chemical mediators in the body.
