ABSTRACT
Business cycles are the irregular fluctuations in aggregate economic activity observed in all developed market economies including manufacturing productions. Time is money in manufacturing activities. The dynamic analysis technologies presented in this chapter have been necessary for application to a wide range of manufacturing production analysis where time and money are directly related. In making strategic decisions under uncertainty, we all make predictions. We may not think that we are predicting, but our choices will be directed by our anticipation of results of our actions or inactions.
