ABSTRACT
Objectives ◾ Introduce real gas concepts and compressibility factor ◾ Present various real gas state equations (VW, RK, etc.), and relate to compressibility charts ◾ Estimate work for real gases closed and open systems ◾ Introduce generalized equation of state, Pitzer factor, Lee-Kesler equation of state ◾ Discuss simplified state equations for liquids and solids ◾ Present solution of cubic equations
6.1 Introduction In the previous chapters we have discussed the First and Second Laws of thermodynamics. In order to analyze the performance using First and Second Laws and conduct availability analyses of thermodynamic systems (such as power plants and heat pumps) and devices (e.g., turbines and compressors), and to design high pressure vessels (e.g., H2 storage for use in fuel cells 300-700 bars) we require the thermodynamic properties and the constitutive state equations for the matter in the various systems. Chapters 6 and 7 discuss the methods that can be used to determine the system properties by using state equations. In this chapter, we will discuss the state equations for real gases (i.e., gases at relatively high pressures) and fluids in terms of measurable properties, such as pressure, volume, and temperature.
