Introduction

Objectives ◾ Introduce basics and review elementary thermodynamics ◾ Review steam and refrigerant property tables ◾ Mathematical background on partial differentiation, exact differentials, and homogeneous

functions ◾ Introduce elementary microscopic thermodynamics and physics behind concepts on energy

and entropy

1.1 Importance, Significance and Limitations ermodynamics is an engineering science topic, which deals with the science of “motion or power” (Greek: dynamics = motion) and/or the transformation of “heat” (Greek: thermos = heat) and energy into various other energy-containing forms. Œe flow of energy is of great importance to engineers involved in the design of the power generation and process industries. Œermodynamics provides an understanding of the nature and degree of energy transformations, so that these can be understood and suitably utilized.