ABSTRACT
Objectives ◾ Introduce Zeroth Law and then First Laws for closed systems ◾ Derive generalized energy conservation equation for open system using First Law for closed
system ◾ Applications of First Law for steady and transient systems including charging a tank, heating
a house, storing CO2 under the cavern ◾ Use of Gauss Divergence Œeorem in obtaining differential forms of energy conservation
equation
2.1 Introduction Chapter 1 contains an introduction to thermodynamics, provides some basic definitions, a microscopic overview of thermodynamic properties and processes, and briefly reviews the necessary mathematics. We will use that material to formulate thermodynamic laws based either on a generalization of experimental observations, or in terms of four mathematical postulates that are not necessarily based on these experimental results. Œe laws of thermodynamics are presented in Chapters 2 and 3, and the postulate concepts are addressed in Chapter 5.
