ABSTRACT
Contents 14.1 Introduction ................................................................................. 488 14.2 Overview of TD-LTE Principles and Standards ................................. 489 14.3 Capacity Dimensions of TD-LTE .................................................... 490
14.3.1 Outage Probability for Single-Cell Cluster ............................. 492 14.3.2 Outage Probability for Multiple-Cell Clusters ........................ 492
14.4 Key Techniques in TD-LTE ........................................................... 497 14.4.1 Beamforming Technique ..................................................... 497 14.4.2 Inter-cell Coordination ........................................................ 499 14.4.3 Scheduling and Link Adaptation .......................................... 501
14.5 Link Budget of TD-LTE ................................................................ 509 14.5.1 Link Level Simulation ......................................................... 509
14.5.1.1 Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) ............. 509 14.5.1.2 Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) ......... 510 14.5.1.3 Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) ........... 514 14.5.1.4 Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) ....... 516
14.5.2 TD-LTE Link Budget ......................................................... 517 14.6 System Performance Evaluations ...................................................... 521
14.6.1 Frame Structure ................................................................. 521 14.6.2 Wraparound Technique ...................................................... 523
14.6.3 Channel Interface ............................................................... 526 14.6.4 SINR Mapping Method ...................................................... 527 14.6.5 Overhead Calculation ......................................................... 527 14.6.6 System Performances Analysis .............................................. 529
14.7 Frequency Planning in TD-LTE ...................................................... 535 14.7.1 Frequency Reuse Factor(FRF) Deduction
in OFDM/OFDMA Cellular Systems ................................... 535 14.7.2 FRF of Downlink Control Channels in TD-LTE ................... 537
14.8 Performance Enhancement in TD-LTE ............................................ 541 14.8.1 Directional Relay in TD-LTE .............................................. 542 14.8.2 Performance Evaluation of Directional Relay ......................... 543
Acknowledgments ................................................................................... 547 References .............................................................................................. 547
14.1 Introduction As one of the commercial International Mobile Communication-2000 (IMT-2000) standards, time division-synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) is being consummated dramatically in terms of key technologies, standard and products [1]. The key issues concerning the successful operation of TD-SCDMA for operators are [2]: (1) how to ensure the future profitability of TD-SCDMA and how to attract as many users as possible through providing all kinds of services, and (2) how to make TD-SCDMA have a smooth migration to IMT-advanced. Actually, the specialized trial for TD-SCDMA industrialization wound up in the middle of 2006 year has collected the evidence that TD-SCDMA is capable of building a fullcoverage large-scale network and providing a good opportunity for some cutting-edge key technologies based on time division duplex (TDD) to be firmly validated.
