ABSTRACT
To reasonably employ agent technology, it is necessary to understand the underlying software development and engineering concepts. The agent idea goes back to works of Carl Hewitt in the field of artificial intelligence in 1977. He described an object “actor” to be interactive, independent, and executable. Furthermore, it was intended to have an internal state and ability to communicate with other objects (Nwana and Ndumu 1998). Research on software agent technologies originated from distributed artificial intelligence and artificial life. The former main discipline deals with the creation of an organizational system for problem solving, and the latter tries to understand and create models that describe life being able to survive, adapt, and reproduce.
