ABSTRACT
Section 6.3) • the role of conjugate acid and conjugate base stability in acid-
base equilibria (Chapter 6, Sections, 6.1 and 6.3) • how to recognize the presence of resonance (Chapter 5,
Section 5.9.3) • the role of resonance in the stability of molecules (Chapter 5,
Sections 5.9.3 and 5.10.1) • the structure of reactive intermediates such as anions, carboca-
tions, and radicals (Chapter 7, Section 7.4) • understanding and identification of intermediates in a reaction-
energy curve (Chapter 7, Section 7.4 and 7.6) • the concept of mechanism (Chapter 7, Section 7.8) • the acid-base nature of alcohols and amines (Chapter 6, Sections
6.2 and 6.4) • the fundamentals of conformation applied to acyclic molecules
(Chapter 8, Sections 8.1-8.4) • the fundamentals of conformation applied to cyclic molecules of
ring sizes of three to six (Chapter 8, Section 8.5) • stereogenic centers and chirality (Chapter 9, Section 9.1) • absolute configuration (Chapter 9, Section 9.3) • diastereomers (Chapter 9, Section 9.5)
This chapter will build on principles introduced in previous chapters and show applications to common chemical reactions of two important hydrocarbon functional groups: alkenes and alkynes. The chapter will also introduce several new chemical reagents (compounds that react with an alkene or alkyne to give a new molecule), as well as several new types of reactions. The theme of acid-base chemistry will be used as a basis for understanding each chemical transformation where it is appropriate. Mechanisms that are the step-by-step processes by which one molecule is transformed into another by tracking the intermediates will also be discussed. The concept of mechanism was introduced in Chapter 7 (Section 7.8).
