ABSTRACT

Data uncertainty, used here interchangeably with data quality, is crucial for safety, reliability, and risk assessment in urban water management. Estimating data uncertainty, however, is difficult because of the unpredictable, complex, non-linear, dynamic systems involved in environmental systems. It is pragmatic to state that despite all the progress in science, uncertainty will never be fully eliminated, and any decision based on the best available predictions will always contain a certain risk of error (Singh et al., 2001). Both decision makers and technicians alike, however, have difficulties accepting uncertainty as one of the fundamental properties of natural processes.