ABSTRACT
When the silo is empty, external pressures induce small circumferential (or hoop) compressions in the cylindrical wall. These stresses are very small, but because the wall may be only slightly curved (R/t is large), the wall is susceptible to a buckling failure in this condition. Advice on the wind pressures to be expected in different regions and different terrain is best obtained from the local (national) wind loading code.
