ABSTRACT

In fact, littl e is known, even in broad terms, about the surface chemistry of cement hydrate minerals exposed to organic and inorganic chemicals. We realise how littl e we understand when we try to predict the effect of pumping a fluid, let us say an industrial waste liquor or contaminated ground water, through a concrete core. The complex internal mineral surfaces of the concrete meet a rich molecular soup. We have littl e to guide us in predicting the chemical outcome. The ensuing processes, also of reactive transport, determine the nature of environmental degradation and in turn long-term du­ rability. Present knowledge is a poor basis for optimal design of durable structures.