ABSTRACT
For plastic pipe, as for most building materials, there are adopted standards to assure conformity and some degree of interchangeability between manufacturer’s products. In other cases standards have been adopted for safety reasons. Plastics are relatively new materials and changing rapidly. Some plastic piping systems occupy niches in the industry for which no standards may be available other than a general materials standard. The most often cited sources for standards or codes for plastic pipe are: ASTM (American Society for Testing Materials)ANSI (American National Standards Institute, Inc.)Commercial and Product Standards (CS and PS Standards)CSA (Canadian Standards Association)U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)Department of Defense Military StandardsDepartment of TransportationFederal SpecificationsFHA (Federal Housing Administration)IAPMO (International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials) NSF (National Sanitation Foundation)NSPI (National Swimming Pool Institute)PHCC (Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Contractors, National Association) SBCC (Southern Building Code Congress)SIA (Sprinkler Irrigation Association)WUC (Western Underground Committee)UL (Underwriters Laboratories) This chapter identifies those standards or published references that govern plastic pipe or plastic materials. It is not the intent to provide a complete reference library for such an expansive subject as plastic standards, but rather a simple listing of titles that can be looked up or referenced by the user. For further reading
or to obtain a complete standard, contact information is provided at each agency listing within this chapter. II. ASTM STANDARDS
The references to plastic materials (ASTM Vols. 08.01, 08.02, and 08.03-"Plastics-General Test Methods; Nomenclature; Materials, Film, Reinforced and Cellular Plastics") are provided for reference purposes and provide sources for further reading. The volume most often referred to is Vol. 09.04, “Plastic Pipe and Building Products.”In the serial designations prefixed to the following titles, the number following the dash indicates the year of original adoption as standard or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. Thus, standards adopted or revised during the year 1994 have as their final number, 94. A letter following this number indicates more than one revision during that year; that is, 94a indicates the second revision in 1994, 94b the third revision, etc. Standards that have been reapproved without change are indicated by the year of last reapproval in parentheses as part of the designation number, for example, (1994).Here is a list by subject (in numerical sequence) of the ASTM Vols. 08.01 to 08.03 for piping-related subjects: Plastics-General Test Methods; Nomenclature; Materials, Film, Reinforced and Cellular Plastics. Only those subject that may be referenced for plastic pipe are listed here.The volume that is devoted to plastic pipe and building products, 08.04, “Plastic Pipe and Building Products,” is listed by subject after the general materials volumes (08.01 to 08.03). A. ASTM Volume 08.01
D 256-93a Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD 543-97 Test Method for Resistance of Plastics to Chemical ReagentsD 569-90 Test Method for Measuring the Flow Properties of Thermoplastic Molding MaterialsD 570-81 (1988) Test Method for Water Absorption of PlasticsD 618-61 (1990) Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials for TestingD 635-91 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Self-Supporting Plastics in a Horizontal PositionD 638-94h Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 638M-93 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics (Metric)D 648-82 (1988)t2 Test Method for Defection Temperature of Plastics Under Flexural Load
D 671-93 Test Method for Flexural Fatigue of Plastics by Constant-Amplitude-of-ForceD 673-93 Test Method for Mar Resistance of Plastics D 695-91 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics D 695M-91 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics (Metric)D 696-91 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between -30°C and 30°CD 707-84 (1990) Specification for Cellulose Acetate Butyrate Molding and Extrusion CompoundsD 729-91 Specification for Vinylidene Chloride Molding Compounds D 732-93 Test Method for Shear Strength of Plastics by Punch Tool D746-79 (1987) Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastics and Elastomers by ImpactD 747-93 Test Method for Apparent Bending Modulus of Plastics by Means of a Cantilever BeamD 756-93 Practice for Determination of Weight and Shape Changes of Plastics Under Accelerated Service Conditions D 785-93 Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD 789-94 Test Methods for Determination of Relative Viscosity Melting Point and Moisture Content of Polyamide (PA)D 792-91 Test Methods for Specific Gravity (Relative Density) and Density of Plastics by DisplacementD 794-93 Practice for Determining Permanent Effect of Heat on Plastics D 883-93 Terminology Relating to Plastics D 953-93 Test Method for Bearing Strength of Plastics D 1003-92 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent PlasticsD 1242-93 Test Methods for Resistance of Plastic Materials to Abrasion D 1248-84 (1989) Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD 1435-94 Practice for Outdoor Weathering of Plastics D 1457-92 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD 1525-91 Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics D 1603-94 Test Method for Carbon Black in Olefin Plastics D 1693-94 Test Method for Environmental Stress-Cracking of Ethylene PlasticsD 1708-93 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics by Use of Microtensile Specimens
D 1710-91a Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Basic Shapes.Rod and Heavy-Walled Tubing D 1755-92 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins D 1763-94 Specification for Epoxy ResinsD 1784-9 Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds D 1822-93 Test Method for Tensile-Impact Energy to Break Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD 1822M-93 Test Method for Tensile-impact Energy to Break Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials (Metric)D 1870-91 Practice for Elevated Temperature Aging Using A Tubular OvenD 1925-70 Test Method for Yellowness Index of Plastics D 1927-81 Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) Plastic Sheet D 1928-90 Practice for Preparation of Compression-Molded Polyethylene Test Sheets and Test Specimens D 1929-9la Test Method for Ignition Properties of Plastics D 1972-94 Practice for Generic Marking of Plastic Products D 1998-93 Specification for Polyethylene Upright Storage Tanks D 2115-92 Practice for Oven Heat Stability of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) CompositionsD 2116-91a Specification for FEP-Fluorocarbon Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD 2124-70 (1994) Method for Analysis of Components in Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Compounds Using an Infrared Spectrophotometric Technique D 2287-92 Specification for Nonrigid Vinyl Chloride Polymer and Copolymer Molding and Extrusion Compounds
D 2583-93 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plastics by Means of a Barcol ImpressorD 2839-93 Practice for Use of a Melt Index Strand for Determining Density of PolyethyleneD 2843-93 Test Method for Density of Smoke from the Burning or Decomposition of PlasticsD 2856-94 Test Method for Open Cell Content of Rigid Cellular Plastics by the Air PycnometerD 2863-91 Test Method for Measuring the Minimum Oxygen Concentration to Support Candle-Like Combustion of Plastics (Oxygen Index)D 2952-81 (1981) Specification for Ethylene Plastics
D 2990-93a Test Methods for Tensile, Compressive, and Flexural Creep and Creep Rupture of Plastics D 3013-94 Specification for Epoxy Molding Compounds D 3014-94 Test Method for Flame Height, Time of Burning, and Loss of Mass of Rigid Thermoset Cellular Plastics in a Vertical Position D 3028-93 Test Method for Kinetic Coefficient of Friction of Plastic SolidsD 3029-94 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Rigid Plastic Sheeting or Parts by Means of a Tup (Falling Weight)D 3045-92 Practice for Heat Aging of Plastics Without Load D 3222-9la Specification for Unmodified Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) (PVDF) Molding, Extrusion and Coating Materials D 3275-9la Specification for E-CTFE-Fluoroplastic Molding, Extrusion, and Coating MaterialsD 3294-9la Specification for PTFE Resin Molded Basic Shapes D 3295-91 Specification for PTFE Tubing D 3296-93 Specification for FEP-Fluorocarbon Tube D 3297-93 Practice for Molding and Machining Tolerances for PTFE Resins PartsD 3307-93 Specification for PFA-Fluorocarbon Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD 3641 -93 Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD 3713-78 (1988) Test Method for Measuring Response of Solid Plastics to Ignition by a Small FlameD 3801-87 Method for Measuring the Comparative Extinguishing Characteristics of Solid Plastics in a Vertical Position D 3814-93 Guide for Locating Combustion Test Methods for Plastics D 3915-92 Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) and Related Plastic Pipe and Fitting Compounds for Pressure Applications D 3965-94 Specification for Rigid Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Compounds for Pipe and FittingsD 4000-93 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials D 4020-92 Specification for Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD 4092-90 Terminology Relating to Dynamic Mechanical Measurements on PlasticsD 4100-82 (1989) Method for Gravimetric Determination of Smoke Particulate from Combustion of Plastic Materials D 4101-94 Specification for Propylene Plastic Injection and Extmsion Materials
D 4202-92 Test Method for Thermal Stability of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) ResinD 4203-89 Specification for Styrene-Acrylonitrile (SAN) Injection and Extrusion MaterialsD 4216-92 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) and Related Plastic Building Products Compounds C. ASTM Volume 08.03
D 4364-94 Practice for Performing Accelerated Outdoor Weathering of Plastics Using Concentrated Natural SunlightD 4549-85 (1994) Specification for Polystyrene Molding and Extrusion Materials (PS)D 4805-88 (1994) Terminology of Plastic StandardsD 4812-93 Test Method for Unnotched Cantilever Beam Impact Strength of PlasticsD 4976-89 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD 5260-92 Classification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Homopolymer and Copolymer Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) CompoundsD 5575-94 Specification for Copolymers of Vinylidene Fluoride (VDF) with Other Fluorinated MonomersD 5593-94 Classification System for Thermoplastic Elastomers-Olefinic (TEO) D. ASTM Volume 08.04 Plastic Pipe and Building Products
In Vol. 08.04 the listings are given by subject for easier reference. Some specifications appear in more than one area. The specifications are arranged by descending numerical order for the given heading. 1.0. Plastic Piping Materials
a. Basic C 582-87 Specification for Contact-Molded Reinforced Thermosetting Plastic (RTP) Laminates for Corrosion Resistant EquipmentD 1248-84 (1989) Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD 1784-92 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
D 2581-91 Specification for Polybutylene (PB) Plastics Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD 3299-88 Specification for Filament-Wound Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermoset Resin Chemical-Resistant Tanks D 3350-93 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fittings MaterialsD 3965-93 Specification for Rigid Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Compounds for Pipe and FittingsD 4396-92 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) and Related Plastic Compounds for Non-Pressure Piping Products b. Dimension, Symbols, and Terminology D 1600-94 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics D 2749-92 Symbols for Dimensions of Plastic Pipe Fittings F 412-94a Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems c. ABS Plastic Pipe and Fittings D 1527-94 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80D 2282-94 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR)D 2235-93a Specification for Solvent Cement for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe Fittings D 2468-93 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40D 2662-94a Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Schedule 40 Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe D 2680-93 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Composite Sewer Piping D 2750-93 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastics Utilities Conduit and FittingsD 2751 -93 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Sewer Pipe and FittingsD 3138-93 Specification for Solvent Cements for Transition Joints Between Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Non-Pressure Piping Components F 409-93 Specification for Thermoplastic Accessible and Replaceable Plastic Tube and Tubular FittingsF 628-93 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Schedule 40 Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe With a Cellular Core
d. CPVC Plastic Pipe, Tubing and Fittings D 2846-93 Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Hot-and Cold-Water Distribution Systems F 437-93 Specification for Threaded Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80 F 438-93 Specification for Socket-Type Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40 F 439-93a Specification for Socket-Type Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80 F 442-94 Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR)F 493-93a Specification for Solvent Cements for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings e. Fiberglass Tanks and Equipment D 4021-92 Specification for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polyester Underground Petroleum Storage TanksD 4097-88 Specification for Contact-Molded Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermoset Resin Chemical-Resistant Tanks /. Plastic Lined Metal Pipes F 491-93a Specification for Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) (PVDF) Plastic-Lined Ferrous Metal Pipe and Fittings F 492-93a Specification for Propylene and Polypropylene (PP) Plastic-Lined Ferrous Metal Pipe and Fittings F 493-93 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Plastic-Lined Ferrous Metal Pipe, Fittings, and Flanges F 546-93 Specification for Perfluoro(Ethylene-propylene) Copolymer (FEP) Plastic-Lined Ferrous Metal Pipe and Fittings F 599-93 Specification for Poly(Vinylidene Chloride) (PVDC) Plastic Lined Ferrous Metal Pipe and Fittings g. Polybutylene (PB) Plastic Pipe and Tubings D 2662-93 Specification for Polybutylene (PB) Plastic Pipe (SIDR-PR) Based on Controlled Inside Diameter D 2666-93 Specification for Polybutylene (PB) Plastic Tubing D 3000-93 Specification for Polybutylene (PB) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) Based on Outside DiameterD 3309-93 Specification for Polybutylene (PB) Plastic Hot-and Cold-Water Distribution Systems
F 699-90 Practice for Accelerated Conditioning of Polybutylene Pipe and Tubing for Subsequent Quality Control Testing h. Polyethylene Plastic Pipe, Tubing and Fittings D 2104-93 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe, Schedule 40 D 2239-93 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (SIDR-PR) Based on Controlled Inside DiameterD 2447-93 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80, Based on Outside DiameterD 2609-93 Specification for Plastic Insert Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic PipeD 2683-93 Specification for Socket-Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter-Controlled Polyethylene Pipe and D 2737-93 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Tubing D 3035-93 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) Based on Controlled Outside Diameter D 3261-93 Specification for Butt Heat Fusion Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe and Tubing F 405-93 Specification for Corrugated Polyethylene (PE) Tubing and FittingsF 667-85 Specification for Large Diameter Corrugated Polyethylene Tubing and FittingsF 714-94 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) Based on Outside Diameter i. PVC Plastic Pipe, Tubing and Fittings D 1785-93 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120D 2152-80 (1986) Test Method for Degree of Fusion of Extruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings by D 2241-93 Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pressure-Rated Pipe (SDR Series)D 2412-93 Test Method for Determination of External Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading D 2444-93 Test Method for Impact Resistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup (Falling Weight)D 2464-94 Specification for Threaded Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80D 2466-94a Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40
D 2467-94 Specification for Socket-Type Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80D 2564-93 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe and FittingsD 2665-94 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and FittingsD 2672-94 Specification for Joints for IPS PVC Pipe Using Solvent CementD 2729-93 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and FittingsD 2855-93 Practice for Making Solvent-Cemented Joints with Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and FittingsD 2949-93a Specification for 3.25-In. Outside Diameter Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Fittings D 3034-94 Specification for Type PSM Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and FittingsD 3138-93 Specification for Solvent Cements for Transition Joints Between Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Non-Pressure Piping Components D 3915-92 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) and Related Plastic Pipe and Fitting CompoundsF 402-93 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements, Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings F 409-93 Specification for Thermoplastic Accessible and Replaceable Plastic Tube and Tubular FittingsF 512-93 Specification for Smooth-Wall Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Conduit and Fittings for Underground Installation F 545-93 Specification for PVC and ABS Injected Solvent Cemented Plastic Pipe JointsF 656-93 Specification for Primers for use in Solvent Cement Joints of Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings F 679-89 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Large-Diameter Plastic Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings F 758-93 Specification for Smooth-Wall Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Underdrain Systems for Highway, Airport, and Similar Drainage j. Fiberglass Pipe and Fittings D 1694-87 (1991) Specification for Threads 60° (Stub) for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe D 2143-69 (1987) Test Method for Cyclic Pressure Strength of Reinforced, Thermosetting Plastic Pipe Acetone Immersion
D 2310-91 Classification for Machine-Made Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin PipeD 2517-81 (1987) Specification for Reinforced Epoxy Resin Gas Pressure Pipe and FittingsD 2924-93 Test Method for External Pressure Resistance of Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin PipeD 2925-90 Test Method for Beam Deflection of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe Under Full Bore Flow D 2996-88 Specification for Filament-Wound “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe D 2997-90 Specification for Centrifugal Case “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe D 3262-93 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Sewer PipeD 3517-91 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pressure PipeD 3567-91 Practice for Determining Dimensions of Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe (RTRP) and Fittings D 3681-89 Test Method for Chemical Resistance of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe in a Deflected Condition D 3754-91 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Sewer and Industrial Pressure Pipe D 3839-94a Practice for Underground Installation of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe D 3840-88 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe Fittings for Nonpressure Applications D 4024-94 Specification for Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin (RTR) RangesD 4161-91 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe Joints Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals D 5365-93 Test Method for Long-Term Ring-Bending Strain of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe D 5421-93 Specification for Contact Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Ranges k. Styrene Pipe and Fittings D 2852-93 Specification for Styrene-Rubber (SR) Plastic Drain Pipe and FittingsD 3122-93 Specification for Solvent Cements for Styrene-Rubber (SR) Plastic Pipe and Fittings
a. Conduit and Fittings D 2750-93 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastics Utilities Conduit and Fittings b. Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV) Pipe and Fittings D 2662-94a Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Schedule 40 Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent PipeD 2665-94 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and FittingsD 2949-93a Specification for 3.25-In. Outside Diameter Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and FittingsD 3311-92 Specification for Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV) Plastic Fittings PatternsF 409-93 Specification for Thermoplastic Accessible and Replaceable Plastic Tube and Tubular FittingsF 628-93 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Schedule 40 Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe With a Cellular Core c. Gas Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings D 2513-94a Specification for Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and FittingsD 2517-81 (1987) Specification for Reinforced Epoxy Resin Gas Pressure Pipe and Fittings d. Land Drainage Pipe D 2852-93 Specification for Styrene-Rubber (SR) Plastic Drain Pipe and FittingsF 405-93 Specification for Corrugated Polyethylene (PE) Tubing and FittingsF 481-94 Practice for Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe and Corrugated Tubing in Septic Tank Leach FieldsF 758-93 Specification for Smooth-Wall Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Underdrain Systems for Highway, Airport, and Similar DrainageF 667-85 Specification for Large Diameter Corrugated Polyethylene Tubing and Fittings e. Sewer Pipe and Fittings D 2321-89 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
D 2680-93 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Composite Sewer PipingD 2729-93 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and FittingsD 2751 -93 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Sewer Pipe and FittingsD 2852-93 Specification for Styrene-Rubber (SR) Plastic Drain Pipe and FittingsD 3262-93 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Sewer PipeD 3754-91 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Sewer and Industrial Pressure PipeD 3840-88 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe Fittings for Nonpressure ApplicationsF 679-89 Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Large Diameter Plastic Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings /. Water Pipe D 2846-93 Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Hot-and Cold-Water Distribution SystemsD 3517-91 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pressure PipeD 3309-93 Specification for Poly butylene (PB) Plastic Hot-and Cold-Water Distribution SystemsF 645-93 Guide for Selection, Design, and Installation of Thermoplastic Water Pressure Piping Systems
a. Fittings D 2464-94 Specification for Threaded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80D 2466-94a Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40D 2467-94 Specification for Socket-Type Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80D 2468-93 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40D 2609-93 Specification for Plastic insert Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic PipeD 2683-93 Specification for Socket-Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter-Controlled Polyethylene Pipe
D 3261-93 Specification for Butt Heat Fusion Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe and Tubing F 437-93 Specification for Threaded Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80 F 438-93 Specification for Socket-Type Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40 F 439-93a Specification for Socket-Type Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80 b. Joints and Sealing D 2657-90 Practice for Heat-Joining Polyolefin Pipe and Fittings D 2855-93 Practice for Making Solvent-Cemented Joints with Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and FittingsD 3212-92 Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric SealsD 3139-89 Specification for Joints for Plastic Pressure Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric SealsD 3140-90 Practice for Ranged Polyolefin Pipe and Tubing D 4161-91 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe Joints Using Rexible Elastomeric Seals F 477-93 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic PipeF 545-93 Specification for PVC and ABS Injected Solvent Cemented Plastic Pipe JointsF 656-93 Specification for Primers for Use in Solvent Cement Joints of Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings c. Solvent Cements D 2235-93a Specification for Solvent Cement for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe and Fittings D 2564-93 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe and FittingsD 3122-93 Specification for Solvent Cements for Styrene-Rubber (SR) Plastic Pipe and FittingsD 3138-93 Specification for Solvent Cements for Transition Joints Between Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Non-Pressure Piping Components F 402-93 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements, Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings F 493-93a Specification for Solvent Cements for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings
F 667-85 Specification for Large Diameter Corrugated Polyethylene Tubing and Fittings d. Underground Installations D 2321-89 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow ApplicationsD 2774-94 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pressure PipingD 3839-94a Practice for Underground Installation of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) PipeD 4021-92 Specification for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polyester Underground Petroleum Storage TanksF 449-93 Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Thermoplastic Tubing for Agricultural Drainage of Water Table ControlF 481-94 Practice for Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe and Corrugated Tubing in Septic Tank Leach FieldsF 585-94 Practice for Insertion of Flexible Polyethylene Pipe Into Existing SewersF 690-86 (1994) Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pressure Piping Irrigation Systems e. General Test Methods D 1598-86 (1991) Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal PressureD 1599-88 Test Method for Short-Time Hydraulic Failure Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and FittingsD 2105-90 Test Method for Longitudinal Tensile Properties of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and TubeD 2122-90 Test Method of Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and FittingsD 2290-92 Test Method for Apparent Tensile Strength of Ring or Tubular Plastics and Reinforced Plastics by Split Disk MethodD 2837-92 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe MaterialsD 2992-91 Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure Design Basis for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and FittingsD 4398-89 Test Method for Determining the Chemical Resistance of Fiberglass-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resins by One-Side Panel ExposureD 4803-93 Test Method for Predicting Heat Buildup in PVC Building Product
The many possible variations in polymer structure combined with the different types and amounts of additives result in a great diversity of plastic compositions, even within a particular polymer group, such as PVC or PE. The defining and classifying of such compositions is, understandably, not a simple task. The primary standard plastic material specifications are issued by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM, 1916 Race Street, Phildadelphia, PA 19103). The first ASTM standards classified plastic materials by a “Type, Grade, and Class” system in accordance with three key properties. However, with the growing need to better define plastic materials by more than just three properties, a number of ASTM materials standards have gone to a cell classification system whereby each of a number of primary properties is defined by property cell number depending on the property value. All the resultant cell numbers-there can be as many as needed-are then listed in a specified order [1]. Example (See Chapter 1, Table 9, PE Cell Classification.) In accordance with the cell classification system of ASTM D 3350, “Standard Specification of Polyethylene Plastic Pipe and Fittings Materials,” Class 234424 polyethylene designates a material with the following range of properties: Density: 0.926-0.94 g/cm3Melt index: < 0.4 to 0.15Flexural modulus: 80,000 to < 110,000 psiTensile strength at yield: 3000 to < 3500 psiEnvironmental stress crack resistance condition B: 50% maximum failure in 24 hrHydrostatic design basis at 23°C: 1600 psi
The following ANSI standards reference plastic pipe and may be useful. ANSI A119.1 -1975 Standard for Mobile Homes, NEAP No. 50IB (1971). ANSI A119.2-1975 Plumbing, Heating, and Electrical Systems for Travel TrailersANSI C83.91-1972 Rigid Nonmetallic Conduit, Underwriters Laboratory Standard (1972)ANSI B 16.40-1977 Manually Operated Termoplastic Gas Shut-Offs and Valves in Gas Distribution SystemsANSI B31.3-76 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping Code ANSI B31.8-1975 Standard Code for Pressure Piping, Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping SystemsANSI Z233.1-1974 National Fuel Gas Code (NFPA No. 54-1974)
ANSI refers to the American National Standards Institute, Inc., located at 655 15th St. NW, 300 Metropolitan Square, Washington, DC 20005; phone 202-639-4090; New York Office 212-642-4900.The ANSI pressure classes are ANSI Class 125 175 psig at 100°FANSI Class 150 285 psig at 100°FANSI Class 300 740 psig at 100°F Some of the ASTM Standards have been accepted by ANSI and assigned the designations shown in Table 1.
