ABSTRACT
Vacuum arc remelting (V AR) [1, 2] and electroslag remelting (ESR) [3, 4] are two secondary melting processes used for achieving high metallurgical quality ingot structure necessary for high performance metal components. Both processes are commonly used to produce nickel-base alloys and specialty steels. High quality titanium and its alloys are not currently produced using the ESR process. When compared with conventional static ingot casting processes, both V AR and ESR provide the advantages of chemical composition refining, nonmetallic inclusion removal, and ingot structure enhancement.
