ABSTRACT
This chapter presents the arithmetic of integers and rationals. It utilizes Maple just as a calculator. The chapter introduces the basic elements of the language as they become necessary to illustrate arithmetical concepts. The notion of a set — a collection of distinct objects — is fundamental in mathematics. Blanks can be inserted freely between operators, operands, and parentheses, and because a new line character is interpreted as a blank, a command can be entered on several lines. When a syntactical error occurs, Maple writes an error message and positions the cursor immediately before the first incorrect character. Maple allows great freedom in choosing variables' names. Maple implements a large number of arithmetical functions, including all elementary functions related to divisibility. The chapter provides several functions supported by Maple. They are arithmetical functions such as iquo, igcd, and utility functions such as subs.
