ABSTRACT
SPENGLER, J.D. et al. (Harvard University, US). In, WHO et al., 3rd International Indoor Air Quality and Climate Conference, Stockholm, 20-24 Aug. 1984, vol. 4, pp. 87-94. A modelling exercise analysing lead blood level trends vs ambient air Pb concentrations and leaded gasoline sales suggests the importance of actual personal exposures. Modelled exposures for men in a Pb isotope experiment conducted in Turin, Italy, provide a better fit to the data than results relying only on ambient concentrations. Suggests that direct measurements of personal Pb and in-vehicle Pb concentrations are needed. The few measurements made to date indicate that in-transit exposure may be several times greater than the fixed location ambient concentrations. (23 references.)
(24) Effect of Airborne Lead on Blood Lead. CHAMBERLAIN, A. C. (Environmental and Medical Sciences Division, AERE, Harwell, Didcot, Oxon, UK). Atmos. Environ. 1983, 17(4), pp. 677692. The relation between uptake of lead and the level in blood (PbB) is curvilinear, but it is not certain whether this is true for all levels of intake, or only when PbB exceeds some value. Volunteers have been exposed to enhanced air lead (PbA) and epidemiological studies of the relation between PbB and PbA have been made. From these, the slope of the curve of PbB vs PbA can be estimated. Tracer experiments using radioactive or stable isotopes of lead can be used to derive the contribution of PbA to PbB. Because the response is curvilinear, the fractional contribution of PbA to PbB is greater than the slope of the curve. (Author’s abstract.)
3.1.1 Effects on children
(1) An Investigation into the Environment of an Urban School. ROBSON, L. Environ. Health 1977, 85(4), pp. 96-99. The methods, results and evaluation are described of a survey carried out by the City of Bristol Environmental Health Department into the effects of traffic-generated air pollution and noise on the health of primary school children.
