ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses variability between readers in the diagnostic process. The readers may be radiologists, pathologists, oncologists, surgeons, etc., and it is well known that variability does indeed exist and is a problem in the medical sciences. The problem occurs because of errors in measurements due to differences in diagnoses to differences in the intrinsic accuracy of medical devices, differences in the ability and training of the radiologists or pathologists, and differences in the experimental units under study.
