ABSTRACT

Ā e history of ages teaches us that virtually nothing in this world changes linearly, and that nothing expands uniformly in time. Human civilizations are no exception; there were times when t hey grew in t heir scope and depth, and t here were dark epochs wh en calamities, catastrophes, a nd cataclysms le magni cent ancient cities in ruins. Ā ese ruins, sometimes buried under desert sand, sometimes covered by jungle vegetation, and sometimes inundated by rising seas and oceans, are silent witnesses of the existence of ancient civilizations with superior practical knowledge of rules of geometry (Figures 1.1.1 and 1.1.2).