ABSTRACT
More than 250 plant species have been documented as being used by native North Americans for the treatment of animals (UKCropNet, 2008; Moerman, 2003). Research investigating the safety and efcacy of these remedies is relatively scarce, however, especially when compared with the data available for ethnoveterinary systems from other parts of the world. Reasons for this may include the comparatively
9.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 213 9.2 Echinacea Species ........................................................................................ 214
9.2.1 Botany and Chemical Constituents .................................................. 214 9.2.2 Use in Human Medicine ................................................................... 215 9.2.3 In Vitro Studies and Animal Models ................................................ 215 9.2.4 Documented Uses in Veterinary Medicine ...................................... 216
9.2.4.1 Swine.................................................................................. 216 9.2.4.2 Cattle .................................................................................. 219 9.2.4.3 Poultry ................................................................................ 219 9.2.4.4 Horses ................................................................................220 9.2.4.5 Dogs ...................................................................................220
