ABSTRACT
Mathematical calculations have played a major role in the development and advancement of our modern world. Practically all of our common consumer products have origins that can be traced to mathematical calculations. Equations and calculations provide the basis for the design of physical products and efficiency of services, which are within the direct domains of industrial engineering. In 2003, the U.S. National Academy of Engineering (NAE) published ACentury of Innovation: Twenty Engineering Achievements that Transformed Our Lives. The book celebrated the top 20 technological advances of the twentieth century that fundamentally changed society. These advances have influenced where and how we live, what we eat, what we do for work or leisure, and how we think about our world and the universe.
