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Lamarckian□n.□A person who adheres to Lamarckism, q.v. (Oxford English Dictionary 1972, entries from 1846 as an adjective). adj. Lamarckian neo-Lamarckian□n.□One of a group of biologists who were most influential in the 1880s and 1890s and attacked with great hostility Weismann’s revolutionary rejections of soft inheritance (Mayr 1982, 540, 701, 882). Comment: Orthodox Darwinians of the time continued to accept Darwin’s occasional reliance on the effects of use and disuse, q.v. (Mayr 1982, 540, 701, 882). [coined by Packard 1884 in Mayr 1982]

Lamarckism□n. 1. Lamarck’s views of evolution which in-

clude the idea that an individual’s efforts to satisfy needs play an important role in modifying the individual, an organ is strengthened by use and weakened by disuse (the principle of use and disuse, Lamarck’s first law, q.v.), and acquired characters are inheritable (Lamarck’s second law, q.v.) (Mayr 1982, 354).