ABSTRACT
Modern water quality monitoring programs often include some field measurements that are measured at the time and location of water sample collection. Field measurement, as opposed to laboratory measurement, may be used if the analyte is unstable once removed from the water body or simply because such measurements are more cost effective or convenient to determine in the field. Typical field-measured water quality parameters include pH, specific conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), redox potential, and temperature, which may be assayed using individual or multiparameter
8.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 113 8.1.1 Definition of Terms ........................................................................... 114 8.1.2 Importance of Field Analytical Techniques and Analyzers ............. 115
8.2 Types of Field Analysis................................................................................. 115 8.2.1 Manual Techniques ........................................................................... 115 8.2.2 Automated Techniques without Additional Chemical
Manipulations ................................................................................... 116 8.2.3 Automated Techniques with Additional Chemical
Manipulations ................................................................................... 119 8.3 Application of Field Analysis Techniques .................................................... 122
8.3.1 Synoptic Surveys and Traditional Monitoring Networks ................. 123 8.3.2 Short-Term Deployments .................................................................. 123 8.3.3 Long-Term Fixed Deployments ........................................................124
