ABSTRACT
Surface water sampling and water quality assessments have greatly evolved in the United States since the establishment of the Clean Water Act in the 1970s. Traditionally, water quality referred to only the chemical characteristics of the water and its toxicological properties related to drinking water or aquatic life uses, but now water quality includes physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Surface
5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 51 5.2 Defining Project Goal ..................................................................................... 52 5.3 Site Selection .................................................................................................. 52 5.4 Equipment Maintenance ................................................................................. 55 5.5 Personnel Requirements ................................................................................. 55 5.6 Discharge Measurement ................................................................................. 56
5.6.1 Continuous Discharge Measurement .................................................. 56 5.6.2 Noncontinuous (Instantaneous) Discharge Measurement .................. 57
5.7 Water Chemistry Sampling ............................................................................ 58 5.7.1 Sample Collection Point ..................................................................... 59 5.7.2 Flow Regime Considerations ..............................................................60
