ABSTRACT
Study Reference
A 105 core tissue microarray from prostate cancer primary tumor samples (16 patients) was examined with immunohistochemical techniques for selected biomarkers. Elevated expression was observed for CD10, E-cadherin, and membranous β-catenin while decreased expression was observed for matrix metalloproteinase-9
Use of †uorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to identify biomarkers in tissue microarrays
Tissue microarray samples obtained from lung adenocarcinoma showed decreased expression of CD63 consistent with RT-PCR results, which showed decreased CD63 mRNA levels. Decreased CD63 showed a weak association with poor survival
cDNA microarray analysis of lung cancer samples suggested that KIF4A (kinesin family member 4A) is a potential biomarker.Tissue microarray studies (immunohistochemistry) of samples from non-small-cell lung cancer subjects showed that KIF4A was a prognostic biomarker for non-small-cell lung cancer also associated with male gender and nonadenocarcinoma histology
A 256 core tissue microarray was prepared from tumor samples obtained from 47 prostate cancer patients. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify a number of biomarkers and correlate expression to Gleason score. Strong correlation was observed for bax, bin 1, FAS, p65, and p21
Sections from a tissue microarray prepared from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (36 subjects) were evaluated with immunohistochemical techniques in eight different laboratories.The results were characterized by initial poor reproducibility. The standardization of technique improved the concordance between the laboratories
Tissue microarrays were prepared from 302 hepatocellular cancer subjects. The expression of osteopontin and CD44 were identi€ed as prognostic biomarkers
Immunochemistry was used in bladder cancer tissue microarrays to identify LAMC2 (lamininV γ2) as a prognostic biomarker
Study Reference
The correlation between mRNA and protein (immunohistochemical) for cluster designation (CD) was examined in prostate tissue. Correlation was said to be poor to moderate. Divergence seen most with gene shown mRNA expression but lack of immunohistochemical staining
Correlation of mRNA and immunohistochemistry in the evaluation of loricin and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in oral submucous €brosis (OSF). Oral submucous €brosis is a precancerous condition of the oral cavity resulting from the chewing of areca nuts. Increased expression of COMP may be a biomarker for the early diagnosis of OSF
Microarray analysis demonstrated increased expression of SOX genes in pediatric medulloblastoma and pediatric ependymoma; the differential expression was con€rmed by immunohistochemical analysis. The expression of the SOX genes are potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for pediatric brain tumors
Microarray analysis was used to study gene expression in glial tumors. Nine genes were selected for further study. Seven genes were over-expressed in low grade gliomas and under-expressed in glioblastoma while two genes were under-expressed in low grade gliomas and over-expressed in glioblastoma. This expressed pattern was con€rmed by RT-PCR. Insulin growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) and cell division cycle 20 homolog (CDC20) were over-expressed in glioblastoma and under-expressed in low grade gliomas. Approximately 90% of the glioblastomas were positive for IGFBP-2 by immunohistochemistry and only in one of the low-grade gliomas, while approximately 75% of the glioblastomas were positive for CDC-20 and none of the low-grade tumors were positive for CDC-20. It was concluded there is a close correlation between gene expression and immunohistochemical staining for IGFBP-2 and CDC-20 in glioblastoma and can serve as a diagnostic biomarker in biopsy samples
Lack of correlation between gene expression for cyclin proteins as measured by microarray or RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining in colonic adenocarcinoma. Microarray and RT-PCR yielded comparable data
Suppression subtractive hybridizationa and microarray is used to study differential expression of MMP and IL-8 in invasive oral carcinoma. The increased expression of these two genes was con€rmed by RT-PCR and then identi€ed by immunohistochemistry.The expression of MMP and IL-8 genes are potential prognostic biomarkers for invasive oral carcinoma
MMP-12 and ADAMDEC1 identi€ed in pulmonary sarcoidosis by gene expression (oligonucleotide microarray analysis) and RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry con€rmed the increased protein expression. It is suggest that MMP-12 and ADAMDEC1 are biomarkers for pulmonary sarcoidosis
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and antigen Ki-67(Ki-67) as diagnostic biomarkers in adrenocortical tumors as identi€ed with gene expression (microarray) and immunohistochemistry. IGF2 and Ki-67 expression differentiates adrenocortical carcinomas from adrenocortical adenomas as determined by microarray analysis
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Study Reference
Gene expression (oligonucleotide microarray) analysis of ovarian cancer tissue identi€ed CDH1 expression (E-cadherin) as a prognostic biomarker. E-cadherin as prognostic biomarker (low expression) supported by subsequent immunohistochemical studies. Gene expression showed a relationship between high ZEB2 expression and low CDH1 expression by both microarray and RT-PCR. High ZEB2 expression and low CDH1 expression are correlated with each and associated with poor prognosis
Correlation between gene expression (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (polyclonal antibody) for HER-2/neu as a biomarker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Increase in gene expression associated with poor prognosis
a See Diatchenko, L., Lukyanov, S., Lau, Y.F. et al., Suppression subtractive hybridization: A versatile method for identifying differentially expressed genes, Methods Enzymol. 303, 349-380, 1999.
