ABSTRACT
Studiesoftheradiolysisofsupercriticalwater(tc = 374°C, Pc = 22.1 MPa) were motivated by the developmentofoneofthenext-generation(GenIV)nuclearreactors-thesupercriticalwater-cooled reactor(SCWR)(OkaandKataoka,1992;Squareretal.,2003).Thisnew-conceptreactorhasthe advantagesofhigherthermalconversionefŸciency,simplicityinstructure,safety,etc.Inthesereactors,asinboilingwater(BWR)andpressurizedwaterreactors(PWR),lightwaterorheavywateris used as both a coolant and a moderator. The water is exposed to a strong radiation Ÿeld (>10 kGy/s) composedofγ-raysand2MeVfastneutrons,etc.AsiswellknownintheBWRandPWR,two radiolysisproductsofwater,O2 and H2O2, strongly affect the corrosion of structural materials in the reactors.Properwaterchemistrycontrol,inparticulartheinjectionofH2 into the coolant to convert O2 and H2O2 into H2O by radiolytic processes, effectively reduces the electrochemical corrosion
15.7.2Spectral Shift of Solvated Electron .......................................................................... 419 15.7.3Temporal Behaviors of the Hydrated Electron ......................................................... 419
15.8 Concluding Remarks ............................................................................................................ 420 Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................... 420 References ...................................................................................................................................... 420
FIGURE 15.1 Schematic phase diagrams of carbon dioxide and water (H2O).
