ABSTRACT
Most hospital clinical laboratories provide blood and urine testing services that require integration acrosstomultipleareas.Ÿeprocessingofthesetestrequestsinvolvesnumeroustasks:orderingof thetestsbyhealthpractitioners,thecollectionofspecimens,theanalyticmeasurementsusingequipmentandreagentsfrommultiplevendors,employmentofwell-trainedlaboratorytechnologists,reportingofthetestresultstothemedicalrecords(bothelectronicandpaperreporting),andbillingforthe servicesusingsomeaccountingsystem.Inmosthospitals,noonepersonandnotevenanysinglegroup ofindividualsunderstandalltheseprocesses.However,thiscompletelaboratorytestingprocesscanbe consideredasanintegratedsystemandtheprinciplesofsystemsprocesscontrolcanbeusedtomanage this process.
