ABSTRACT
The neural crest consists of the ectodermally derived cells along the outer surface of the neural tube in the early stages of embryonic development. These cells give rise to spinal, cranial, and enteric cells, sympathetic ganglia, pigment cells, Schwann cells, and cells of the adrenal medulla. This is a standard medical defi nition of the neural crest tissues that give rise to cells of our nervous system. The only cell that seems out of place is the pigment-producing cell. There are over 15 different types of cancers associated with these tissues. The vast majority are brain cancers and only one is associated with the skin. Very few of the cancers that develop in the brain are benign. These include the neurofi broid cancers such as neurofi broma, which is derived from Schwann cells. Removal of this cancer almost always leads to complete recovery. Most brain cancers are malignant to one degree or another.
