ABSTRACT

Today, airlines and ships are an important mode of transportation around the globe. The world’s 900 airlines-with a total of around 22,000 aircraftcarry over 1.6 billion passengers for business and leisure travel each year, and about 40% of world trade of goods is carried by air [1-3]. Similarly, there are about 90,000 merchant ships in the world, and they transport over 90% of the world’s cargo [4, 5].