ABSTRACT
Biosensors are bioanalytical systems defined by their integration of appropriate levels of sample
handling, biotransduction, instrumentation, and information output. Such systems have as their
purpose the reporting of, through measurement or monitoring, the chemical potential energy of a
targeted analyte. The biosensor measures or monitors then generates analytically useful data in an
information context. Central to the biosensor system, and indeed defining over other bioanalytical
systems, is the use of a biotransducer. The biotransducer is a device that converts the concentration of
the target analyte into a proportionate measurable signal via an intimate combination of a biological
recognition system and a physicochemical transducer.
