ABSTRACT

Carbohydrates play important roles in many diverse areas such as medicine, nanobiotechnology, and energy. For example, the selectivity of the biological recognition process of a bacterial cell wall depends on the carbohydrate sequence and conformation since these molecules are the primary components of the secondary cell wall [1-3]. Carbohydrates also play crucial roles in physiological processes, i.e., energy storage, growth of cellular components, and control of water in drought and

3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 83 3.2 Methods ..........................................................................................................86