ABSTRACT

Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 238 The Mouse: Gene Expression during Development ...................................................................... 238

Gene Targeting and Transgenic Animals.................................................................................. 238 Uniparental Disomy .................................................................................................................. 239 Conditional Gene Targeting ...................................................................................................... 239 Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing ........................................................................................... 241 Imaging and Miniaturization for Physiological Studies ........................................................... 241 Drawbacks of the Mouse Model ............................................................................................... 241

The Sheep: Fetal Circulation, Respiration, and Endocrinology ....................................................242 Breeding ....................................................................................................................................242 Anesthesia ................................................................................................................................. 243 Surgery ......................................................................................................................................244 Postoperative Care ....................................................................................................................244