ABSTRACT
The window utilization factor is the amount of copper that appears in the window area of the transformer or inductor. The window utilization factor is influenced by five main factors: wire insulation, wire lay fill factor, layer or random wound, effective window area, insulation required for multiplayer windings, or between windings and workmanship. The fill factor would be nearly impossible to achieve by hand winding without some layer insulation. Hand-winding, using the hexagonal technique, will result in the following: The first layer goes down with almost complete order. In the second layer, some disordering has occurred. Ferrite materials are fired in kilns like ceramic pottery. There is a certain amount of shrinkage after firing, and the amount varies from one manufacturer’s process to another. The most common material is copper, but aluminum and silver are available. Aluminum magnet wire is one-third the weight of copper for the same size conductor and one-half the weight for the same conductivity.
