ABSTRACT
Geological investigations combine scientiœc observation, analysis, and interpretation. A by-product of these efforts is a very valuable tool-the geologic map. In many urban areas, these maps are not of sufœcient detail or absent, or if available, are underutilized or ignored. This often leads to land development without sufœcient knowledge of its hydrogeology, soils, and surface water features, and a diminished ability to foresee the potential vulnerabilities of the very ground where structures are erected and human activities occur. This is analogous to taking a trip without a road map-you often get lost.
