ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: The use of radiotracers in the therapy of thyroid cancer begins with thyroid remnant ablation therapy and the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer with radioiodine (RAI). It includes commonly used strategies for patient preparation as well as accepted alternatives. The role of targeted dosimetry, particularly important in higher-risk situations, is discussed. There is extensive discussion of the efˆcacy and limitations of RAI therapy and continuing challenges, including the use of RAI therapy in patients without detectable uptake of RAI in thyroid cancer metastases. Side effects and toxicity to the gastrointestinal tract, the salivary glands, and their prophylaxis are discussed as well. The potential for carcinogenesis, teratogenicity, and effects on fertility are addressed. This chapter also reviews ongoing work in alternative approaches, attempting to compensate for limitations in RAI, in the form radiosensitization therapy, and the use of non-RAI treatment strategies.
